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Acetyl-L-Carnitine (ALC)
The acetyl ester of carnitine, ALC acts as an antioxidant, has protective effects in the brain, and stimulates hormone (including testosterone) release.Adaptogens
The word adaptogen, is used by herbalists to refer to a natural herb product that increases the body's resistance to stresses such as trauma, anxiety and bodily fatigue. In the past they have been called rejuvenating herbs, qi tonics, rasayanas, or restoratives. Knowledge about adaptogens dates back thousands of years to ancient India and China, but serious scientific study did not begin until the late 1940s. In 1947, Dr. Nikolai Lazarev defined an adaptogen as an agent that allows the body to counter adverse physical, chemical, or biological stressors by raising nonspecific resistance toward such stress, thus allowing the organism to “adapt” to the stressful circumstances. In short, adaptogens are plant & herbal xxtracts that help the body to “adapt” and normalize, creating an overall sense of well-being and balance. See AdaptoGreen+ for more information.Adenosine Triphosphate
(ATP): ATP is a molecule which serves as the universal energy source for all plants and animals. In your body, ATP breaks down into adenosine diphosphate plus a separate phosphate group. This releases energy, which is used to power your body's cells. During periods of inactivity, the reverse reaction takes place, and the phosphate group is reattached to the molecule using energy obtained from food. In this way, the ATP molecule is continuously being recycled by your body.Alanine
An amino acid. BCAAs are used as a source of energy for muscle cells. During prolonged exercise, BCAAs are released from skeletal muscles and their carbon backbones are used as fuel, while their nitrogen portion is used to form another amino acid, Alanine. Alanine is then converted to Glucose by the liver. This form of energy production is called the Alanine-Glucose cycle, and it plays a major role in maintaining the body's blood sugar balance.American Ginseng
American Ginseng is also known as Anchi ginseng, Canadian ginseng, North American ginseng, Ontario ginseng, P. quincefolium, red berry, ren shen, sang, tienchi ginseng, Wisconsin ginseng. American Ginseng (Panax quinquefolium) is a species of ginseng native to eastern North America. It is a perennial dicot of the family Araliaceae. The plant's forked root and leaves were traditionally used for medicinal purposes by Native Americans. Since the 1800s, the roots have been collected by "'sang hunters," and sold to Chinese or Hong Kong traders, who often pay very high prices for particularly old wild roots. American Ginseng was formerly particularly widespread in the Appalachian region (and adjacent forested regions such as Pennsylvania and New York State), but due its popularity the wild plant has been overharvested, and is thus rare in most parts of the United States. It is also grown commercially, under artificial shade, in fields in Wisconsin and Minnesota, and usually harvested after three to four years when ripe. The root of American ginseng is light tan and gnarled. Its resemblance to the human body may have led herbalists to the folkloric belief that ginseng could cure all ills. In fact the word "panax" from Panax Ginseng means all illness, and ginseng has been used across the ages in many different cultures as a "cure-all". American Ginseng increases overall vitality and longevity, benefits insomnia, and helpful in removing toxins from the body. See AdaptoGreenPlus+.Amino Acids
Amino Acids are the essential vitamins and minerals your system needs to function properly. They make-up nearly 75% of your body chemistry. They play an integral role in the body’s ability to build and repair cellular structures. Since we do not store Amino Acids in our bodies, we must consume a sufficient amount of them through whole foods and natural supplements such as AdaptoGreenPlus+. In chemistry, an amino acid is any molecule that contains both amine and carboxyl functional groups. These are molecules where the amino and carboxylate groups are attached to the same carbon, which is called the α–carbon. The various alpha amino acids differ in which side chain (R group) is attached to their alpha carbon. This can vary in size from just a hydrogen atom in glycine, through a methyl group in alanine, to a large heterocyclic group in tryptophan.Androstenedione
An androgen (male hormone). Androgens are produced in two sites in the male body - most originate in the testes, but some potent male hormones are produced by the adrenal glands, located just above the kidneys. Androstenedione is a pivotal adrenal steroid that's actually one step closer to being converted to testosterone than DHEA. It raises your testosterone levels and can provide more strength.
Androstenedione really does raise testosterone above normal levels and could be hazardous. Side effects include acne, male baldness, and a decrease in 'good' cholesterol, which may lead to heart disease. This supplement might be reclassified as a steroid by the FDA, and it is banned in the NFL, Olympics, and other major sports organizations.
Anthocyanidins
Anthocyanidins are powerful antioxidants that have been linked to improved blood vessel health in animals and humans. Anthocyanidins are found in blue/purple and red fruits and vegetables, such as blueberries, blackberries, plums, cranberries, raspberries, red onions, red potatoes, red radishes, strawberries, etc.Antioxidant
Antioxidants are chemical substances that help protect against cell damage from free radicals. Well known antioxidants include vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin E, carotenoids, and flavonoids. See Antioxidant Science for more information.Apple Cider Vinegar
Apple Cider Vinegar is a very safe and effective weight loss aid with no known side effects. Obtained from the fermentation of apple juice, it is extremely rich in minerals and vitamins. Known to help detoxify the liver which plays a vital role in weight loss. Many people claim apple cider vinegar as a superior, yet natural metabolism booster and appetite suppressant. Some nutritionists advise that apple cider vinegar is most effective when paired with B vitamins which are synergistically present in Weight Science.
Ascorbic Acid
Ascorbic acid is an organic acid with antioxidant properties. Its appearance is white to light yellow crystals or powder. It is water soluble. The L-enantiomer of ascorbic acid is commonly known as vitamin C. The name is derived from a- and scorbuticus (Scurvy) as a shortage of this molecule may lead to scurvy. In 1937 the Nobel Prize for chemistry was awarded to Walter Haworth for his work in determining the structure of ascorbic acid (shared with Paul Karrer, who received his award for work on vitamins), and the prize for Physiology or Medicine that year went to Albert Szent-Györgyi for his studies of the biological functions of L-ascorbic acid. At the time of its discovery in the 1920s it was called hexuronic acid by some researchers.Ashwagandha
Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera), also known as Indian ginseng, Winter cherry, Ajagandha, Kanaje Hindi and Samm Al Ferakh, is a plant in Solanaceae or nightshade family. It grows as a stout shrub that reaches a height of 170cm. Like the tomato which belongs to the same family, ashwagandha bears yellow flowers and red fruit, though its fruit is berry-like in size and shape. Ashwagandha grows prolifically in India, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka. Ashwagandha replenishes nervous system, restores muscle/body tissue, and is useful for Chemotherapy patients. All parts of the plant are used in herbal medicine. In Ayurveda, the fresh roots are sometimes boiled in milk, prior to drying, in order to leach out undesirable constituents. The berries are used as a substitute for rennet, to coagulate milk in cheese making. Ashwagandha in Sanskrit means "horse's smell", probably originating from the odor of its root which resembles that of sweaty horse. The species name somnifera means "sleep-bearing" in Latin, indicating it was considered a sedative, but it has been also used for sexual vitality and as an adaptogen. Some herbalists refer to ashwagandha as Indian ginseng, since it is used in ayurvedic medicine in a way similar to that ginseng is used in traditional Chinese medicine. See AdaptoGreen+.Aspartame
An artificial sweetener. Known by the trade name NutraSweet, it is an artificial sweetener. Certain people should avoid products that contain Aspartame. They are people who cannot metabolize the amino acid Phenylalanine, which is an ingredient in aspartame; and people who are suspectable to headaches. It is nearly 200 times sweeter than sugar. Aspartame is produced from the amino acids L-asartic acid and L=phenylalannine. It has been approved for use in certain goods since 1981. Heat causes aspartame to lose its sweetness, therefore, you can't bake with it. Unlike some sweetners, it has no aftertaste.An analysis of peer reviewed medical literature using MEDLINE and other databases was conducted by Ralph G. Walton, MD, Chairman, The Center for Behavioral Medicine, Professor of Clinical Psychiatry, Northeastern Ohio Universities College of Medicine. Dr. Walton analyzed 164 studies which were felt to have relevance to human safety questions. Of those studies, 74 studies had aspartame industry-related sponsorship and 90 were funded without any industry money.
Astragalas Root
Astragalus, also known as "Astragalus membranaceus", is a beautiful plant from the pea family. Astragalus is native to northern China and has been used in Traditional Chinese Medicine for centuries, with it's first recorded use transcribed over 2000 years ago. This powerful tonic root has been traditionally used to invigorate vital energy, and used as an immuno-stimulant. According to Traditional Chinese Medicine, Astragalus should be implemented into a persons daily diet while the individual is healthy, and not only in time of sickness. This is said to build and strengthen the immune response, and carry the body through normal routines of healthy response. Astragulas helps increase metabolism and stamina while combating fatigue. See AdaptoGreen+ for more information.Beta-carotene
A phytonutrient carotenoid with antioxidant and provitamin A activity. In addition to providing the body with a safe source of Vitamin A, beta carotene works with other natural protectors to defend your cells from harmful free radical damage. This is an important micrinutrient in helping the body with metabolic functions, such as recovery from exercise.Beta-Hydroxy Beta-Methylbutyrate (HMB)
It is a compound mande in the body and a metabolite of the essential amino acid Leucine. Studies have found that HMB has a decrease in stress-induced muscle protein breakdown. Studies also found that HMB may enhance increases in both muscle size and strength when combined with resistance training.
There are a number of theories why you may need HMB. The first, is that under stressful conditions, the body may not make enough HMB to satisfy the increased needs of tissues. It could also be that stress may alter enzymes or concentration of certain biochemicals that decrease normal HMB production. Another theory is that HMB may regulated enzymes sresponsible for muscle tissue breakdown.
Beta-sitosterol
Beta Sitosterol is a plant sterol that benefits heart and prostate health due to the fact that plant sterols and stanols reduce the absorption of cholesterol from the gut and so lower serum concentrations of cholesterol. β-sitosterol is one of several phytosterols with chemical structures similar to that of cholesterol. It is white in colour and waxy in nature. See Cardiac FX for more information.Bioflavonoids
Bioflavonoids are reported to have numerous health benefits. They are the natural pigments in fruits and vegetables. There have been many scientific reports about bioflavonoids but none have produced firm reports that confirm this statement. Researchers have reported over eight hundred different bioflavonoids. Most of these are the yellow pigments found in citrus fruit as well as other fruits and vegetables, these are referred to as flavonoids.Body Mass Index (BMI)
Body Mass Index is a standardized ratio of weight to height, and is often used as a general indicator of health. Your BMI can be calculated by dividing your weight (in kilograms) by the square of your height (in meters). A BMI between 18.5 and 24.9 is considered normal for most adults. Higher BMI's may indicate that an individual is overweight or obese.Boron
Boron is a trace mineral. Studies show that Boron helps the body retain minerals, such as Calcium and Magnesium. Large amounts of Boron, over 10 milligrams a day, can be toxic, particularly to the organs that manufacture testosterone. You can find traces of Boron in all the food groups, even in wine, with the greatest concentration in prunes, raisins, parsley flakes, apples and almonds. A 1987 study showed that Boron could dramatically increase testosterone levels, however, the study was for postmenopausal women who had testosterone deficiencies. Once their boron-rich diets brought their testosterone levels back up to normal, those levels stabilized, and they didn't get any higher no matter how many more prunes or parsley flakes that they ate. Thus, it is somewhat unproven that boron can help build muscle mass by increasing your testosterone levels. However, a lack of boron in your diet may have a 'negative' impact on energy utilization.Bovine cartilage
A source of mucopolysaccharides which have anti-inflamatory and joint protective properties. Studies show that supplementation of Bovine reduces pain associated with inflammation in the joints.Bovine Colostrum
Bovine Colostrum is taken from cows, a dairy product that has similar properties to human colostrum. Normally, adults cannot absorb colotrum's antobodies and growth factors the way a newborn can. But it still has superior nutritional values which may make it a useful supplement.Buckwheat
Buckwheat is not considered a wheat, rather it is a "pseudo grain". By definition Buckwheat is a plant native to Asia that has fragrant white flowers and small triangular seeds. The edible seeds are often ground into flour. According to some studies, buckwheat is better than casein (a milk protein) for promoting muscle growth and body growth and decreasing blood lipds. For persons allergic to wheat gluten, it provides a gluten-free food with uses similar to gains. Roasted buckwheat is known as Kasha. Buckwheat is usually available as flour.Caffeine
Alkaloid that stimulates alertness and boosts energy. A herbal compound that enhances alertness and fights fatigue. Caffeine increases endurance during prolonged submaximal activity by increasing blood epinephrine (adrenaline) levels, thereby allowing fat cells to break down more readily during aerobic activity. Recent studies show that caffeine can be addictive, and over consumption can lead to numerous health problems.Calcium
Of all the essential minerals in the human body, Calciumis the most abundant. Calcium helps the body form bones and teeth and is required for blood clotting, transmitting signals in nerve cells, and muscle contraction. Calcium helps prevent osteoporosis; of the two to three pounds of calcium contained in the human body, 99% is located in the bones and teeth.
Calcium also seems to play a role in lowering blood pressure, and has been shown to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease in postmenopausal women.Calorie
Calorie is a unit of measurement for energy. One calorie is formally defined as the amount of energy required to raise one cubic centimeter of water by one degree Centigrade. For purpose of measuring the amount of energy in food, nutritionists most commonly use kilocalories (equal to 1000 calories), and label the measurement either as "kcal" or as "Calories" with a capital "C". One kcal is also equivalent to approximately 4.184 kilojoules.Campesterol
Phytosterols are plant sterols, mainly campesterol and sitosterol, and their respective stanols (5 alpha-saturated derivatives), which chemically resemble cholesterol. They are present in a normal diet bur less than 0.1% of serum sterols are plant sterols. Phytosterols inhibit intestinal cholesterol absorption, and fat-soluble plant stanol esters were introduced as a functional food for lowering serum cholesterol. Inhibition of the intestinal absorption of cholesterol stimulates cholesterol synthesis, a factor which limits serum cholesterol lowering to about 10% with phytosterols. Enrichment of the diet with plant stanol esters reduces absorption and serum concentrations of both cholesterol and plant sterols, whereas enrichment of the diet with plant sterol esters, especially in combination with statins, lowers serum cholesterol but increases serum plant sterol levels. Long-term cholesterol lowering, needed for the prevention of coronary heart disease, may be successful with plant stanol esters, which lower serum cholesterol in both genders over at least a year. Like cholesterol, campesterol and other phytosterols are transported by lipoproteins, mainly by LDL, and secreted unchanged in bile.Carbohydrate
Carbohydrates come in two basic forms: Simple & Complex. Simple carbs are usually devoid of fiber and include such foods as refined sugars, fruit juices, and apple sauce. The problem with simple carbs is that they promote a large insulin surge, which can lead to hypoglycemia. Complex carbs are absorbed more slowly, so they don't cause as great an insulin surge as the simple type. Primary macronutrient source of energy in the body; burned as glucose and stored in muscle as glycogen. Carb counting is of paramount concern, because overcomsumption of carbohydrates get stored as fat.Carotenoids
Carotenoids are natural fat-soluble pigments found in certain plants. Carotenoids provide the bright red, orange, or yellow coloration of many vegetables, serve as antioxidants, and can be a source for vitamin A activity.Cayenne
Cayenne pepper (also called Capsicum frutescens) is a stimulating herb made from the dried pods of chili peppers and is well known for distinct taste and smell. Cayenne is a popular spice used in many different styles of cooking and has also been used medicinally for thousands of years. Cayenne is often referred to as chili, which is the Aztec name for cayenne pepper. The main medicinal properties of cayenne are derived from a chemical called capsaicin. Capsaicin is the ingredient which gives peppers their HEAT. A pepper's capsaicin content ranges from 0-1.5%. Peppers are measured according to heat units. The degree of heat determines the peppers' usage and value. Generally, the hotter the pepper, the more capsaicin it contains. In addition to adding heat to the pepper, capsaicin acts to reduce platelet stickiness and relieve pain. Other constituents of cayenne are vitamins E, vitamin C and carotenoids. Ayurveda also utilizes cayenne to treat poor digestion and gas. Chinese medicine uses cayenne for digestive ailments. Today cayenne is used worldwide to treat a variety of health conditions, including poor circulation, weak digestion, heart disease, chronic pain, sore throats, headaches and toothache.Chamomile Root
The true or Common Chamomile (Anthemis nobilis) is a low-growing plant with leaves and flowers that grow a foot high. Chamomile is a natural sedative and is revered by tea lovers. It acts to soothe nerves as well as improve digestion and induce sleep. Historically, chamomile has long been used as a tranquilizer and has become a household necessity in reducing anxiety and improving the quality of sleep. It is also said that chamomile can be helpful in treating attention deficit disorder. There are 3 types of Chamomile, which are Common, German, and Stinking. See MySleep, an all natural sleep aid that contains Chamomile.Chitosan
Chitosan is a natural product extracted from Chitin (by products of Crustacean shell extracts). Chitosan and chitin are waste products of the crab and shrimp industry. It can be used to inhibit fat digestion and as a drug delivery transport agent. It also has been used as a cholesterol lowering substance. Chitosan is marketed as a 'fat blocker'. It appears that it can impede fat absorption by 'gelling' with fat in the small intestine. Side effect of Chitosan is that since it is made from sea food, some people have allergic responses to it. Also, you need a high concentration of Chitosan for it to 'gel' with fat.Chlorophyll
Chlorophyll is a proteinous compound that uses photosynthesis to convert the sunlight into chemical energy. Dr. Birscher, a research scientist states that chlorophyll “increases the function of the heart, impacts the intestines, uterus, lungs and vascular system. Chlorophyll is so powerful it can purify the blood, support a healthy digestive tract, and detoxify many of our body’s congested vital organs. See AdaptoGreen+ for more information.Cholecalciferol
Cholecalciferol is a form of Vitamin D, also called vitamin D3.Cholesterol
Cholesterol is a soft, waxy substance present in all parts of the body including the nervous system, skin, muscle, liver, intestines and heart. It is both made by the body and obtained from animal products in the diet. Cholesterol is manufactured in the liver for normal body functions including the production of hormones, bile acid and Vitamin D. It is transported in the blood to be used by all parts of the body. In the blood stream, cholesterol combines with fatty acids to form high-density (HDL) and low-density (LDL) lipoproteins. LDL's are considered the "bad cholesterol", since they can stick together to form plaque deposits on the walls of your blood vessels, leading to atherosclerosis. One-fourth of the adult population in the U.S. has high blood cholesterol levels. More than half of the adult population has blood cholesterol levels that exceed the desirable range, as specified by the medical community. Elevated cholesterol often begins in childhood. Some children may be at higher risk than others due to a family history of high cholesterol.Choline
Choline, a dietary component of many foods, is part of several major phospholipids (including phosphatidylcholine - also called lecithin) that are critical for normal membrane structure and function. The major precursor of betaine, it is used by the kidney to maintain water balance and by the liver as a source of methyl-groups for methionine formation. Also, choline is used to produce the important neurotransmitter acetylcholine. In the body choline is mainly found in phospholipids, such as lecithin (phosphatidylcholine) and sphingomyelin. The outer leaflet of plasma membrane is rich in these choline-phospholipids whereas the inner leaflet is dominated by phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylserine, and phosphatidylinositol. Phosphatidylcholine, the predominant phospholipid (>50%) in most mammalian membranes, not only contributes to the structure of the membrane bilayer, but products of receptor-mediated lecithin hydrolysis also serve as important second messengers in signal cascades that control cell growth and gene expression. Disaturated phosphatidylcholine is the primary active component of surfactant in the lung; a deficiency of surfactant in the neonate leads to respiratory distress syndrome in premature infants.Chondroitin
Chondroitin or Chondroitin Sulfate is a sulfated glycosaminoglycan composed of a chain of alternating sugars (N-acetylgalactosamine and glucuronic acid). A chondroitin chain can have over 100 individual sugars, each of which can be sulfated in variable positions and quantities. Understanding the functions of such diversity in chondroitin sulfate and related glycosaminoglycans is a major goal of glycobiology. Chondroitin sulfate is an important structural component of cartilage and provides much of its resistance to compression. Along with glucosamine, chondroitin sulfate has become a widely used dietary supplement for treatment of osteoarthritis. See Joint Science for more information.Chromium Picolinate
Chromium Picolinate is an essential trace mineral found in many foods. Chromium Picolinate is widely used for its ability to burn carbohydrates and fat. Many experts believe it helps to regulate insulin production, which in turn normalizes blood sugar levels. When blood sugar is controlled, excessive appetite and cravings are greatly reduced. See HoodiaPlus for more information.Cobalamine
Cobalamine or Vitamin B12 prevents anemia by regulating red blood cell formation and iron utilization. It aids in digestion and cell formation, promotes fertility, and prevents nerve damage by maintaining the sheaths that cover them.Coenzyme Q10
Coenzyme Q10 is an antioxidant that is shown to have heart protective and energy productive properties. COQ10 is involved in cellular energy production. Several studies have reported improved endurance after taking CoQ10. It is considered one of the best antioxidants.Colostrum
Colostrum is a fluid produced by the mammary glands of female mammals prior to milk production. It has a high concentration of immunoglobins, antimicrobial agents and hormone factors. Colostrum provides major immune and gastrointestinal system benefits.Bovine Colostrum comes from cows, a dairy product . Normally, adults cannot absorb colotrum's antibodies and growth factors the way a baby can.
Conjugated Linoleic Acid (CLA)
Conjugated Linoleic Acid, or the acronym CLA for short, occurs naturally in organic whole milk and red meat. A collective term used to designate a mixture of positional and geometric isomers of the essential fat linoleic acid. It is actually a fat, derived from linoleic acid (an essential fatty acid). Studies have shown that CLA can increase lean body mass and decrease fat, inhibit the growth of tumors and enhance immune function. CLA is found naturally in organic beef, cheese and whole milk.Copper
Copper is a trace element that is essential for most animals, including humans. It is needed to absorb and utilize iron. The influence of copper upon health is due to the fact it is part of enzymes, which are proteins that help biochemical reactions occur in all cells. Copper is involved in the absorption, storage and metabolism of iron. The symptoms of a copper deficiency are similar to iron deficiency anemia. Copper may be absorbed by both the stomach and small intestinal mucosa, with most absorbed by the small intestine. Copper is found in the blood bound to proteins.Cortisol
Cortisol is a catabolic hormone that is released and increases in response to stress when the body is subjected to trauma such as intense exercises, including weight training. Excess cortisol is known to increase catabolism (protein breakdown in muscles). Cortisol leads to muscle breakdown through promoting a release of muscle amino acids for transport to the liver, where the amino acids are coverted into glucose.Curcumin
(Curcuma longa) Curcumin is the source of the spice Turmeric, and is used in curries and other spicy dishes from India, Asia, and the Middle East. Curcumin is what gives the Curry its characteristic bright yellow color and strong taste. Like many herbal remedies, people first used Curcumin as a food and later discovered that it also had impressive medicinal qualities. Over the centuries, this spice has been used as a pain relieving, anti-inflammatory agent to relieve pain and inflammation in the skin and muscles. It has served as a treatment for jaundice, menstrual difficulties, hematuria, hemorrhage, colic, and flatulence. In modern times, research has focused on Curcumin's antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticarcinogenic, and antimicrobial properties, and on its use in cardiovascular disease, gastrointestinal disorders, and as a treatment for the liver.Daily Values (DV)
Daily Values are the dietary reference values that are used on all current US Nutrition Facts labels. These values were determined by the FDA to best represent the minimum needs of the general population. For many nutrients, DV's will exceed your actual minimum needs, since they conservatively allow for the minimum needs of more demanding conditions, such as pregnancy or lactation. Most DV's are derived from Dietary Reference Intakes (DRI) and other recommendations made by the Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine (IOM).
For use on food labels, Daily Values formally obsolete all other previous used references, including Daily Reference Values (DRV), Reference Daily Intakes (RDI), and Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA).DHEA (Dehydroepiandrosterone)
Dehydroepiandrosterone or DHEA for short is a hormone made by the adrenal glands used by the body to make male (androgen) and female (estrogen) hormones; possible positive effects on mood and energy on older individuals (40+) whose production of DHEA begins to decline. As been referred to as the 'Fountain of Youth' hotmone bacause it declines rapidly as we age, and supplementation with this hormone reverses many of the ravages associated with aging. Studies show that men with the highest DHEA levels have better cardiovascular health compared to men with lower levels of DHEA.Dietary Fiber
Dietary fiber comes from the thick cell wall of plants. It is an indigestible complex carbohydrate. Fiber is divided into two general categories: water soluble and water insoluble.
Soluble fiber has been shown to lower cholesterol. However, in many studies, the degree of cholesterol reduction was quite modest. For unknown reasons, diets higher in insoluble fiber (mostly unrelated to cholesterol levels) have been shown to correlate better with protection against heart disease in human trials. Soluble fibers can also lower blood sugar levels, and some doctors believe that increasing fiber decreases the body’sneed for insulin—a good sign for diabetics. Insoluble fiber acts as a stool softener, which speeds digestion through the intestinal tract. For this reason, insoluble fiber is an effective treatment for constipation. The reduction in "transit time" has also been thought to partially explain the link between a high fiber diet and a reduced risk of colon cancer.Dietary Reference Intakes (DRI)
Dietary Reference Intake is a set of guidelines set up in 1997 to give more detailed guidance than the Recommended Dietary Allowance system which preceded it. It was a collaboration between the USA and Canada. The DRI is composed of Estimated Average Requirements (EAR), expected to satisfy the needs of 50% of the people in that age group, Reference Daily Intake (RDI), Adequate intake (AI), where no RDI has been established, Tolerable upper intake levels (UL), to caution against excessive intake of nutrients (like vitamin D) that can be harmful in large amounts.Diuretic
Diuretic is a compound that increases the flow of urine from the body. They can range from herbal teas to powerful drugs that flush out electrolytes and water. They are classed based on the location and mechanism of action in the kidneys.DMAE (Dimethyl-amino-ethanol)
Dimethyl-amino-ethanol or the acronymn DMAE is a supplement reported to minimize buildup of lipofuscin (age spots) in the brain. Plays a participatory role in acetycholine synthesis. DMAE has been shown to stimulate vivid, lucid dreams, suggesting possible sleep pattern enhancement.Echinacea
Echinacea is a herb with immune protective properties, shown to have some benefit protecting against colds and flu. It can be used as a preventive measure to protect the body against the natural stress the immune system suffers in heavy training.Egg protein
Egg protein is a source with high Protein Efficiency Ratio, usually in egg white form (albumin) when used in protein powder to avoid cholesterol in egg yolk. Egg protein is the standard by which all other proteins are measured because of its very high ration of indispensable amino acids (also called essential amino acids because they must be supplied to the body from food or supplements) to dispensable amino acids.ENT COMPLEX
ENT COMPLEX is short for Enhanced Neuro-Transmitter Delivery System. It is proprietary blend researched and designed to assist the body and brain in enriching and transporting the necessary nutrients for optimal absorption. This complex is intended to support the above ingredients and maximize their ability to relax and quiet the mind in order to achieve a deep, restful sleep, while ensuring you will wake up feeling renewed and revitalized. For more information visit MySleep.Enzyme
Enzymes are complex proteins that assist or enable chemical reactions to occur. "Digestive" enzymes, for example, help your body break food down into chemical compounds that can more easily be absorbed. Thousands of different enzymes are produced by your body.Essential Amino Acids
Essential Amino Acids are amino acids that your body does not have the ability to synthesize. Hundreds of different amino acids exist in nature, and about two dozen of them are important to human nutrition. Nine of these – histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, theronine, tryptophan, and valine – are considered essential, since they must be supplied by your diet. While the essential amino acids requirements vary among different individuals, the Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations (FAO) has proposed a standard that specifies the minimum amount of each essential amino acid that should be supplied per gram of protein consumed. This standard is the reference by which protein quality is determined. By comparing the limiting (i.e. lowest level) amino acid in a food with this standard, the amino acid score is determined. A score of 100 or above indicates a complete or high-quality protein; a score below 100 indicates a lower quality protein.Essential Fatty Acids
Essential fatty acids or EFAs, are fatty acids that cannot be constructed within an organism from other components as there are no known biochemical pathways capable of producing them. They can only be obtained in the diet if they are to be incorporated into human biological processes. There are two families of EFAs, Omega 3's (linolenic acid) and Omega 6's (linoleic acid). Essential fatty acids play a part in many metabolic processes, and there is evidence to suggest that low levels of essential fatty acids, or the wrong balance of types among the essential fatty acids, may be a factor in a number of illnesses. Last but not least the Omega-9 (Oleic Acid),Omega 9 is essential but technically not an EFA, because the human body can manufacture a limited amount, provided essential EFAs are present. Monounsaturated oleic acid lowers heart attack risk and arteriosclerosis, and aids in cancer prevention.Fat
Fat is a macronutrient that is a source for long term energy and energy storage otherwise known as adipose tissue, which is necessary for absorption and transport of fat-soluble vitamins and constituant of hormones and cell membranes.
One gram of fat equals nine calories. There are 455 grams in one pound. So nine calories times 455 grams equals 4,025 calories per pound of fat. So, technically, you need to lose 4,025 calories to lose one pound of fat.
Fatty Acids
Fatty acids are individual isomers of what we more commonly call "fats". There are potentially hundreds of different fatty acids, but just a few dozen that are commonly found in the foods we eat.Fiber
The more insoluble the fiber is which does not dissolve in water, the better it is for you. Insoluble fiber reduces the risk of colon cancer and high blood pressure. Fruit fiber seems to be more beneficial then vegetable or cereal fibers, probably because fruits are loaded with Pectin, an insoluble fiber. As a rule, the higher the insolubility, the fewer the calories. Corn bran is the best, followed by wheat bran, and then oat bran. It is best to eat fiber after you work out to avoid intestinal discomfort.Flavonoids (bioflavinoids)
Flavonoids are a class of water-soluble pigments that are found in many plants. A few thousand different flavonoids have so far been identified. While not labeled as essential nutrients, many of these compounds serve as antioxidants or play other important roles in maintaining the health of your body. Some researchers break flavonoids down into subclasses that include isoflavones, anthocyanidins, flavans, flavonols, flavones, and flavanones. However, these subclassifications are not universally recognized.Flaxseed Oil
Flaxseed oil is an excellent source of the omega-3 fatty acid alpha-linolenic acid (an EFA). Supplementing with flaxseed oil has been shown to lower cholesterol, decrease heart disease, increase satiety and improve cell integrity.Folate
Folate (the anion form) are forms of the water-soluble Vitamin B9. These occur naturally in food and can also be taken as supplements. Folate gets its name from the Latin word folium ("leaf"). The term folate is used in two different ways. Folate, a member of the B-vitamin family, is a collective term for a number of chemical forms which are structurally related and which have similar biological activity to folic acid. Folate is also the term which is used for the anionic form of folic acid. Folic acid or pteroylglutamic acid (PGA) is comprised of para-aminobenzoic acid linked at one end to a pteridine ring and at the other end to glutamic acid.Folic Acid
Folic acid is a B vitamin. It is used in our bodies to make new cells. The B vitamin folic acid helps prevent birth defects.GABA
Gamma Aminobutyric Acid or GABA for short has been studied in many health arenas and continues to impress researchers with it’s balancing effects on the brain. GABA is actually an amino acid classified as the most important inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain because it suppresses over-excitation. It acts as a balancer for the brain and helps induce relaxation and sleep. GABA is found in the MySleep all natural sleep aid.Garcinia Cambogia
Garcinia Cambogia is a pumpkin like fruit rich in a substance called hydroxycitric acid (HCA). HCA is widely known for its powerful ability to block the conversion of sugars and starches into fats. Studies show that the weight loss benefits of garcinia cambogia are maximized when used in conjunction with other herbs and natural ingredients. See Weight Science for more information.Garlic Extract
Garlic Extract in medical studies have shown that garlic can lower cholesterol, prevent dangerous blood clots, reduce blood pressure, prevent cancer, and protect against bacterial and fungal infections. Known scientifically as Allium sativum, garlic contains more than 100 biologically useful chemicals, including substances with such strange names as alliin, alliinase, allicin, S-allylcysteine, diallyl sulfide, allyl methyl trisulfide. Garlic ranks highly among foods that help prevent disease, largely due to its high content of organosulfur compounds and antioxidant activity.Ginger
Ginger root is a medicinal herb used primarily for the treatment of Dyspepsia (discomfort after eating), which includes the symptoms of bloating, heartburn, flatulence, and nausea. It is also considered helpful as a preventative for motion sickness and as a digestive aid. Ginger is a common and delicious spice traditionally used to improve digestion and prevent nausea. These properties result from helping bowel movements and relaxing the muscles controlling the digestive system. Ginger is considered an adjuvant in many Ayurvedic formulas which enhances absorption and prevents gastrointestinal side effects. In some traditional systems it is credited with the ability to treat arthritis, fevers, headaches, and toothaches. It may have the ability to lower blood cholesterol and aid in preventing internal blood clots. It is often taken to help combat colds, coughs, and the flu. Ginger is a common and delicious spice traditionally used to improve digestion and prevent nausea. These properties result from helping bowel movements and relaxing the muscles controlling the digestive system. Ginger is considered an adjuvant in many Ayurvedic formulas which enhances absorption and prevents gastrointestinal side effects.Glucosamine
Glucosamine is an amino sugar that is an important precursor in the biochemical synthesis of glycosylated proteins and lipids. Glucosamine is also commonly used as a treatment for osteoarthritis. Since glucosamine is a precursor for glycosaminoglycans, and glycosaminoglycans are a major component of joint cartilage, supplemental glucosamine may help to rebuild cartilage and treat arthritis. See Joint-Science for more information. See Joint Science for more information.Glycemic Index (GI)
The Glycemic Index is a dietary index that's used to rank carbohydrate-based foods. The Glycemic Index predicts the rate at which the ingested food will increase blood sugar levels.Glycemic Load (GL)
Glycemic Load is equal to the Glycemic Index of a food times the number of grams of carbohydrates in the serving of food that's being eaten. Glycemic Load is believed to correlate more directly to blood sugar level changes than Glycemic Index.Glycine
Glycine is an amino acid often used for its ability to act as an inhibitory neurotransmitter, which can balance brain activity and normalize its functions. See MySleep for more information.Grape Seed Extract
Grape seed extract is a natural plant substance that has a concentrated source of oligomeric proanthocyanidins (OPC). These anti-oxidants help protect cells from free radical damage and also promotes healthy circulation. Grape Seed Extract is rich in polyphenols, a compound that's high in antioxidants. Studies have shown oligomeric proanthocyanidins (OPC) to be more powerful antioxidants than vitamin C, E, and beta-carotene. Before Grape seed extract was discovered, the best sources of antioxidants came from vitamin C, E, and beta-carotene; however, these sources were not powerful enough to fight the free radicals and are also excreted by the body within a short time of ingestion. Grape seed extract, on the other hand, has been shown to remain in the body for as long as 72 hours, and is 20 times more potent than vitamin C, and 50 times more stronger than Vitamin E.Green Tea Extract
Green Tea is one of nature’s superfoods, leading the list of thousands of top 10 foods to add to your diet for a plethora of benefits. Studies show green tea as a natural fat burner and metabolism booster (that does not increase heart rate). Nutritional experts around the world recommend green tea for cancer patients, heart disease, HIV infections, urinary tract infections, and many other conditions. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition discovered that the green tea extract has many beneficial health properties that rise above the general theory that these improvements are simply related to the natural caffeine content in the tea. See Weight Science for more information.Gugul Lipid Extract
(Guggul Lipid Extract) Gugul Lipid, the lipid extract of gum guggul, has been marketed in India for the past 15 years as a lipid-lowering agent. Initial experiments with rats produced significant decreases in both LDL cholesterol and triglyceride levels. The active compounds in gugulipid believed to be responsible for the cholesterol-lowering properties are two steroids: E- and Z-guggulsterone. These two steroids constitute about 2 percent by weight of gum guggul.HDL
High-density lipoproteins (HDL) form a class of lipoproteins, varying somewhat in their size, that carry cholesterol from the body's tissues to the liver. About one-third to a quarter of blood cholesterol is carried by HDL.Histidine
Histidine is one of the 20 most common natural amino acids present in proteins. In the nutritional sense, in humans, histidine is considered an essential amino acid, but mostly only in children. The amino acid is a precursor for histamine and carnosine biosynthesis. Histidine is found in fruits such as bananas and grapes, meat and poultry, and milk and milk products. It is also found in root vegetables and all green vegetables, though in lesser quantities.Homocysteine
Homocysteine has been thoroughly documented in the last 15 years that moderately elevated homocysteine levels in serum or plasma is a strong and independent risk factor for occlusive arterial disease, and of venous thrombosis, and also predicts vascular and all-cause mortality. As many as 50% of patients with stroke and other atherothrombotic diseases have high homocysteine levels (over 15 µmol/L). High homocysteine levels are also implicated in development of dementia, or increases the rate of disease' progress. An association with depression and other neuropsychiatric disorders is also found. There is also much focus on the association between carcinogenesis and impaired homocysteine metabolism. See Homocysteine Science for more information.Hoodia Gordonii
Hoodia is a cactus-like plant found in the dry sands of the Kalahari Desert of Africa. The San Tribe (African Bushmen) have used it for thousands of years to curb hunger as they tour the vast region of the Kalahari Desert to hunt for food. By chewing or ingesting this plant they are able to curb their hunger for as long as 24 hours. See Weight Science for more information.Hydroxicitric Acid (HCA)
Hydroxicitric Acid or HCA, is also known as Citrimax is an acid found in the fruit Garcinia Cambogia that affects fat and carbohydrate metabolism. Studies have shown it reduces the conversion of carbs into bodyfat. HCA competitively inhibits an enzyme kown as ATP-Citrate lyase (the major enzyme responsible for the production of fatty acid). When HCA blocks the production of fatty acids, a buildup of citrate occurs, which may cause the cell to inhibit glycolysis (breakdown of stored sugars).Hypoglycemia
Hypoglycemia is a term meaning low blood sugar. Hypoglycemia is a set of symptoms that point to irregularities in the way the body handles glucose, the sugar that circulates in the blood. Symptoms of hypoglycemia include sweating, trembling, anxiety, fast heartbeat, headache, hunger, weakness, mental confusion, and on occasion, seizures and coma. However, it occurs rarely because the body has a lot of backup systems preventing it.Insoluble Fiber
Insoluble fiber is a very powerful GI tract stimulant. Unlike fat, however, you cannot simply minimize your insoluble fiber intake, as this will leave you with a seriously unhealthy diet. n general, if a plant food (no animal products contain fiber) seems rough, stringy, has a tough skin, hull, peel, pod, or seeds, be careful, as it's likely very high in insoluble fiber. This is not a comprehensive list of insoluble fiber foods by any means but it should give you the general idea. Some examples are whole wheat flour, whole wheat bread, whole wheat cereal, Wheat bran, whole grains, whole grain breads, whole grain cereals, granola, seeds, nuts, popcorn, beans and lentils, blueberries, strawberries, blackberries, cranberries, etc., grapes and raisins, cherries, pineapple, peaches, nectarines, apricots, pears with skins, apples, rhubarb, melons, oranges, grapefruits, lemons, limes, dates and prunes, spinach, lettuce, kale, mesclun, collards, arugala, watercress, etc., whole peas, snow peas, snap peas, pea pods, green beans, kernel corn, bell peppers, eggplant, celery, onions, shallots, leeks, scallions, garlic, cabbage, bok choy, Brussels sprouts, broccoli, cauliflower, tomatoes, cucumbers, sprouts, alfalfa, sunflower, radish, fresh herbs, and the list goes on.Insulin
Insulin is a hormone that's secreted by your pancreas to help regulate blood sugar level and promotes glycogen storage. Individuals with diabetes mellitus supplement insulin to make up for their body's inability to produce sufficient amounts.International Unit (IU)
IU is a measurement unit that is primarily used on nutrition labeling for vitamin A. One IU is equivalent to 0.3 mcg of retinol, 0.6 mcg of beta-carotene, or 1.2 mcg other provitamin-A carotenoids.Iron
Iron is one of the human body’s essential minerals. It forms part of hemoglobin, the component of the blood that carries oxygen throughout the body. People with iron-poor blood tire easily because their bodies are starved for oxygen. Iron is also part of myoglobin, which helps muscles store oxygen. With insufficient iron, adenosine triphosphate (ATP; the fuel the body runs on) cannot be properly synthesized. As a result, some iron-deficient people can become fatigued even when they are not anemic.Isoflavones
Isoflavones are natural plant hormones that can be found in many foods but the best known source is the soy bean. The soy isoflavones are responsible for most of the soy health benefits. The Soy bean is a plant cultivated as foodstuff whose health properties have recently been discovered. Another source of isoflavones is red clover. As opposed to soy beans, red clover is normally not eaten but the isoflavones are extracted in industrial processes and used to make isoflavones supplements.Isoleucine
Isoleucine is one of the 20 basic amino acids, and forms part of the structure of almost all proteins. It is coded for in DNA. Its chemical composition is identical to that of leucine, but the arrangement of its atoms is slightly different, resulting in different properties. Nutritionally, in humans, isoleucine is an essential amino acid. Isoleucine is a hydrophobic amino acid. Rich sources of isoleucine are eggs, chicken, pork, mutton, pulses, soya beans, cottage cheese, milk, piyal seeds, cashew nuts, and cereal grains.Isomer
An isomer is a variation in the arrangement of atoms in two or more otherwise similar chemical compounds.Joule
A Joule is the (SI) unit or "The International System of Units" of work or energy, defined to be the work done by a force of one newton acting to move an object through a distance of one meter in the direction in which the force is applied. Equivalently, since kinetic energy is one half the mass times the square of the velocity, one joule is the kinetic energy of a mass of two kilograms moving at a velocity of 1 m/s. The joule is named after the British physicist James Prescott Joule (1818-1889), who demonstrated the equivalence of mechanical and thermal energy in a famous experiment in 1843. Joule pronounced his name "jowl", but the unit is usually pronounced "jool" or "jew'l".L-Theanine
L-Theanine is a free form amino acid clinically proven to reduce stress, and widely known to improve the quality of sleep and reduce the harsh side effects of caffeine. L-Theanine is historically known as a component of many teas and research suggests it may work synergistically with GABA to increase the inhibitory neurotransmitter process in the brain. See MySleep.L-Tyrosine
L-Tyrosine is an amino acid that is necessary for the structure of almost all of the proteins in the body. It acts as a precursor for many neurotransmitters, including L-Dopa and is known to ease the adverse effects of physical and emotional stress. See the product MySleep for more information.LDL
Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is a class of animal lipoprotein particles that varies in size and contents which carries fatty acid molecules in blood and around the body). It is the final stage of VLDL (very low-density lipoprotein) which is produced by the liver. The LDL contains the apolipoproteins B-100. It also contains antioxidative vitamins such as vitamin E or carotinoids. It is commonly referred to as bad cholesterol as high LDL levels can lead to cardiovascular disease.Leucine
Leucine is one of the 20 common amino acids coded for by DNA. It is isomeric with isoleucine. Nutritionally, in humans, leucine is an essential amino acid. Leucine is the most common amino acid found in proteins, and is essential for optimal growth during infancy and childhood. In adults it is essential for maintaining nitrogen equilibrium. It is suspected that Leucine plays a part in maintaining muscles by equalizing the synthesis and breakdown of proteins. The major food sources of leucine are whole grains and milk products. Eggs, pork, beef, chicken, pulses, soybeans, and leaf vegetables are good sources of leucineLipid
A general classification to denote water-insoluble compounds, such as fatty acids and sterols.Lysine
Lysine is an essential amino acid, which means that it is essential to human health but cannot be manufactured by the body. For this reason, lysine must be obtained from food. Amino acids are the building blocks of protein. Lysine is important for proper growth and it plays an essential role in the production of carnitine, a nutrient responsible for converting fatty acids into energy and helping to lower cholesterol. Lysine appears to help the body absorb and conserve calcium and it plays an important role in the formation of collagen, a substance important for bones and connective tissues including skin, tendon, and cartilage.Macronutrient
Nutritionists often group nutrients into two subclasses, called macronutrients and micronutrients. Macronutrients refer to those nutrients that form the major portion of your consumption and contribute energy to your diet. Macronutrients include carbohydrates, fats, protein, and alcohol. Sometimes water is also considered to be a macronutrient. All other nutrients are consumed in smaller amounts, and are labeled as micronutrients.Magnesium
Magnesium is an essential mineral for the human body. It is needed for protein, bone, and fatty acid formation, making new cells, activating B vitamins, relaxing muscles, blood clotting and forming adenosine triphosphate (ATP). The production and use of insulin also requires magnesium.
Under certain circumstances magnesium has been found to improve vision in people with glaucoma. Similarly, magnesium has demonstrated an ability to lower blood pressure.
Maltitol
Maltitol is a sugar free, reduced calorie sweetener made from corn. It has a sugar-like taste and sweetness. Maltitol has about half the calories of sugar and is useful for making a variety of sugar free and reduced calorie foods.Manganese
Manganese is an essential trace mineral that is required in small amounts to manufacture enzymes necessary for the metabolism of proteins and fat. It also supports the immune system, blood sugar balance, and is involved in the production of cellular energy, reproduction and bone growth.
Manganese works with Vitamin K to support normal blood clotting. Working with the B-complex vitamins, manganese helps promote a positive outlook when faced with stress, frustration, and anxiety.Mannitol
Mannitol is used as a sweetener for people with diabetes. Since mannitol has a negative heat of solution, it is used as a sweetener in "breath-freshening" candies, the cooling effect adding to the fresh feel. In doses larger than 20g, mannitol acts as a laxative, and is sometimes sold as a laxative for children.Melatonin
Melatonin is perhaps the most widely recognized sleep ingredient for its ablility to regulate the bodies sleep cycles, Melatonin is fondly referred to as the “all-natural nightcap”. Melatonin is a hormone secreted by the pineal gland and is known to aid biorhythm regulation which determines sleep patterns. Research also suggests Melatonin is a powerful natural antioxidant. Since the body’s production of melatonin decreases with age, it is necessary to supplement with high quality products such as MySleep.Menadione
Menadione was formerly sometimes called vitamin K3. Despite the fact that it can serve as a precursor to various types of vitamin K, menadione is generally not used as a nutritional supplement.Methionine
Methionine is an essential nonpolar amino acid, and a lipotropic. L-methionine is a protein amino acid. It is classified as an essential amino acid for humans and therefore must be supplied in the diet. n addition to its role as a precursor in protein synthesis, L-methionine participates in a wide range of biochemical reactions, including the production of S-adenosylmethionine (SAM or SAMe), L-cysteine, glutathione, taurine and sulfate.Microgram (mcg)
Microgram is a unit of measure equal to one one-millionth of a gram (g).Micronutrient
Micronutrients are essential elements needed for life in small quantities. They include dietary minerals and VitaminsMilligram (mg)
Milliogram is a unit of measure equal to one one-thousandth of a gram (g).Monosaccharides
Monosaccharides are simple carbohydrates that consist of a single sugar molecule. Examples include glucose, fructose, and galactose.Monounsaturated Fat
monounsaturated fats are fatty acids with one double-bonded carbon in the molecule, with all of the others single-bonded carbons, in contrast to polyunsaturated fatty acids which have more than one double bond. Natural sources of monounsaturated fat include avocados, canola oil, olive oil, peanut oil and other nuts, safflower oil, sesame oil, sunflower oil, etc.MSM
MSM, (Methylsulfonylmethane or dimethylsulfone) is an organic sulfur compound belonging to a class of chemicals known as sulfones. It occurs naturally in some primitive plants and is present in small amounts in many foods and beverages. MSM provides sulfur, a vital building block of joints, cartilage, skin, hair and nails, and methyl groups, which support many vital biochemical processes in the body, including energy production.Mucuna Pruriens
Mucuna Pruriens is also called the velvet bean or cowhage, this plant extract acts as a natural neurotransmitter in the brain and increases the brains dopamine levels which are essential in order to regulate sleep cycles. Mucuna Pruriens is popular in its use with patients who suffer from ADHD and Parkinson’s Disease because it has been shown to balance the brain’s activity in order to improve mental clarity, concentration, and improved memory. Mucuna Pruriens is found in MySleep.N-Acetyl Cysteine
N-Acetyl Cysteine is a stable form of the essential amino acid L-cysteine. Cysteine is a precursor for glutathione, an important antioxidant in the body. Cysteine also serves as a major sulfur source for many body components.NADH (Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide)
Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide or NADH is also known as coenzyme 1, is the coenzymatic form of vitamin B3. NADH is involved in the production of energy in every cell. It supports healthly neurotransmitter functions.Niacin
Niacin, also known as nicotinic acid or vitamin B3, is a water-soluble vitamin that plays an essential role in energy metabolism in the living cell and DNA repair. The designation vitamin B3 also includes the corresponding amide nicotinamide, or niacinamide.NLEA Serving
An NLEA Serving is a standardized serving size that arose from the U.S. government's Nutrition Labeling and Education Act. The NLEA regulations are governed by the FDA, and restrict the typical serving size that can be claimed on a U.S. Nutrition Facts label. The intent of this regulation is to deter food manufactures from misleading the public by using serving sizes that are unrealistically small or large. Food manufacturers must now report serving sizes that are reasonably close to the NLEA standard. This standard is different for each type of food, and applies to virtually all foods except meats.Norepinephrine
Norepinephrine is a hormone produced by your adrenal glands. Norepinephrine is important for many bodily activities, including brain function.Nutrient Density
Nutrient density is the measurement of the amount of a nutrient per fixed portion of food.Oxygen Therapy
Oxygen therapy can play a vital role in maintaining your well-being. Oxygen, along with food, is the primary nutrient that cells use to generate energy. With oxygen therapy, the energy production is through oxidation of the unhealthy cells. The burn is incomplete without the main fuel, oxygen. While the oxidation process takes place throughout your system, anti oxidants are protecting the cells. Antioxidants also act as a cooling or regulating system for maintaining the metabolic temperature at a constant level, which prevents over oxidation from occurring. Your system, then has to remove the debris left behind from the oxidation process.Pantothenic Acid
Pantothenic acid, a member of the B-vitamin family, is an essential nutrient in human nutrition. It is sometimes referred to as vitamin B5. Pantothenic acid is involved in a number of biological reactions, including the production of energy, the catabolism of fatty acids and amino acids, the synthesis of fatty acids, phospholipids, sphingolipids, cholesterol and steroid hormones, and the synthesis of heme and the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. It also appears to be involved in the regulation of gene expression and in signal transduction.Passion Flower Root
This wonderful herb is best used in balancing the nervous system and reducing motor nerve activity. It has been widely utilized as an anti-inflammatory and natural pain-killer, and is recommended for those who are discontinuing use of sleeping drugs and/or overcoming alchohol dependency. Passion flower has become increasingly popular due to the knowledge of its tranquilizing effect, without the side effects of depression or disorientation. See MySleep for more information.Phenylalanine
Phenylalanine is an essential alpha-amino acid. It exists in two forms, a D and an L form, which are enantiomers (mirror-image molecules) of each other. It has a benzyl side chain. Its name comes from its chemical structures consisting of a phenyl group substituted for one of the hydrogens in the side chain of alanine. Because of its phenyl group, phenylalanine is an aromatic compound. At room temperature, it is a white, powdery solid.
Forms of Phenylalanine
- L-phenylalanine
L-Phenylalanine (LPA) is an electrically-neutral amino acid, one of the twenty common amino acids used to biochemically form proteins, coded for by DNA. L-phenylalanine is used in living organisms, including the human body, where it is an essential amino acid. L-phenylalanine can also be converted into L-tyrosine, another one of the twenty protein-forming amino acids. L-tyrosine is converted into L-DOPA, which is further converted into dopamine, norepinephrine, and epinephrine (latter three are known as the catecholamines).
- D-phenylalanine
D-phenylalanine (DPA), can be synthesized artificially. D-phenylalanine can be converted only into phenylethylamine. D-phenylalanine is a non-protein amino acid, meaning that it does not participate in protein biosynthesis. D-phenylalanine and other D-amino acids are, however, found in proteins, in small amounts, particularly aged proteins and food proteins that have been processed. The biological functions of D-amino acids remain unclear. Some D-amino acids, such as D-phenylalanine, may have pharmacologic activity.
- DL-phenylalanine
DL-phenylalanine is a racemic mixture of phenylalanine - it contains 50 % each of D and L enantiomers. DL-Phenylalanine is marketed as a nutritional supplement for its putative analgesic and antidepressant activities.